Written by Dr. Avani Reddy, MBBS, MS OBG
Updated 2025-07-01
What Is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) grows outside the uterus - most commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, the outer surface of the uterus, and the lining of the pelvis. Like the normal endometrium, this tissue responds to monthly hormonal changes - thickening, breaking down, and bleeding with each menstrual cycle. Unlike the normal menstrual flow, this blood has no way to leave the body. The resulting inflammation causes pain, adhesions, and ovarian cysts (endometriomas, also known as chocolate cysts). Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age and is a significant cause of pelvic pain and infertility. It often takes 7–10 years from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis - a delay Dr. Avani Reddy is committed to reducing for women in Hyderabad.
Symptoms of Endometriosis
The symptoms of endometriosis can vary widely - some women have severe debilitating symptoms while others have minimal pain. Pain is the hallmark feature, but not all women with endometriosis have pain, and pain severity does not correlate with the severity of the disease.
- Severe period pain (dysmenorrhoea) - period pain that begins before bleeding and continues through the cycle; often not controlled by paracetamol or NSAIDs
- Chronic pelvic pain - pain between periods, throughout the cycle
- Pain during or after intercourse (dyspareunia)
- Pain when opening the bowels or passing urine during periods
- Heavy periods or irregular bleeding
- Bloating - often called "endo belly"
- Fatigue, particularly around the time of the period
- Difficulty conceiving
- Rectal bleeding or blood in urine during periods (in severe disease)
Diagnosing Endometriosis in Hyderabad
Endometriosis cannot be definitively diagnosed by blood tests or ultrasound alone, though these investigations provide important information. A transvaginal ultrasound can detect endometriomas (ovarian cysts caused by endometriosis) and deep infiltrating endometriosis affecting the rectovaginal space. The CA-125 blood test is elevated in some women with endometriosis but is not a reliable diagnostic tool on its own. The definitive diagnosis of endometriosis requires laparoscopy - a keyhole surgical procedure in which the pelvis is directly visualised. Biopsies of abnormal tissue confirm the diagnosis histologically. Dr. Avani Reddy performs diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy for endometriosis in Hyderabad.
Endometriosis Treatment in Hyderabad
Treatment of endometriosis is tailored to the woman's symptoms, the severity of the disease, and whether she is trying to conceive. There is currently no cure for endometriosis, but effective management can control pain, preserve fertility, and significantly improve quality of life.
- Pain management - NSAIDs (ibuprofen, mefenamic acid) for period pain; discussed with evidence on timing and dosing
- Hormonal suppression - combined oral contraceptive pill (cyclically or continuously), progestin-only therapy, or GnRH analogues to suppress menstruation and endometriosis activity
- Laparoscopic excision or ablation - surgical removal or destruction of endometriosis deposits; the most effective treatment for pain and the preferred approach before fertility treatment
- Endometrioma removal - laparoscopic cystectomy for ovarian endometriomas; improves natural conception chances and IVF outcomes
- Post-surgical hormonal suppression - to reduce recurrence after surgery
- Fertility-focused surgery - endometriosis excision as preparation for IVF or natural conception, individualised based on ovarian reserve and disease extent
Endometriosis and Fertility in Hyderabad
Endometriosis is found in 30–50% of women presenting with infertility. It affects fertility through multiple mechanisms - inflammation impairing egg quality, fallopian tube damage and blockage, adhesions distorting pelvic anatomy, and endometriomas reducing ovarian reserve. The decision on whether to operate before IVF or proceed directly to IVF depends on the stage of endometriosis, the ovarian reserve, and the patient's age. Dr. Avani Reddy discusses these trade-offs clearly so patients can make informed decisions about their care.
Why choose Dr. Avani Reddy in Hyderabad?
- Obstetrician, gynecologist & fertility doctor with 10+ years of experience
- Specialist in both endometriosis surgery and fertility - manages the condition from diagnosis to pregnancy
- Laparoscopic expertise - diagnostic and excisional surgery for endometriosis
- Fertility-integrated approach - endometrioma and adhesion surgery coordinated with IVF planning
- Kokapet and Gachibowli locations - serving Hyderabad's growing technology and business districts
- Committed to reducing diagnostic delay for women with severe period pain
- Open seven days a week, including evenings
Frequently asked questions
How do I know if I have endometriosis?+
The most common signs are severe period pain not controlled by over-the-counter painkillers, pain during intercourse, chronic pelvic pain, and difficulty conceiving. A pelvic ultrasound can detect endometriomas (ovarian cysts) and deep endometriosis, but definitive diagnosis requires laparoscopy. If you have these symptoms, see Dr. Avani Reddy for evaluation.
Can endometriosis be cured?+
There is no permanent cure for endometriosis, but its symptoms can be effectively managed. Laparoscopic surgery removes visible disease and provides the most durable pain relief. Hormonal medications suppress disease activity. After menopause, endometriosis generally becomes inactive. Recurrence after surgery is possible, particularly without post-surgical hormonal suppression.
Is laparoscopy the only way to diagnose endometriosis?+
Laparoscopy remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. However, a skilled gynaecologist can make a clinical diagnosis based on symptoms, examination, and a high-quality transvaginal ultrasound - particularly for endometriomas and deep infiltrating endometriosis. Treatment can sometimes begin based on clinical diagnosis without waiting for laparoscopic confirmation.
What is a chocolate cyst (endometrioma)?+
An endometrioma, commonly called a chocolate cyst, is an ovarian cyst that forms when endometriosis tissue grows on the ovary and fills with old blood - which appears brown and has a chocolate-like consistency. Endometriomas can impair ovarian reserve and reduce IVF egg numbers. Laparoscopic cystectomy removes the cyst while preserving remaining ovarian tissue.
Does endometriosis always affect fertility?+
No. Many women with endometriosis conceive naturally, particularly those with mild disease. However, moderate to severe endometriosis - especially when it affects the ovaries or causes tubal damage - significantly reduces fertility. Treatment of the endometriosis, either surgically or with IVF, can improve pregnancy rates.
What is adenomyosis and how is it different from endometriosis?+
Adenomyosis is a related but distinct condition in which endometrial glands grow into the muscular wall of the uterus (myometrium), causing the uterus to become enlarged, heavy, and painful. It is diagnosed on MRI or sometimes on transvaginal ultrasound. Both endometriosis and adenomyosis can coexist. Adenomyosis is managed similarly to endometriosis - with hormonal therapy, and in severe cases, hysterectomy.
Where can I find an endometriosis specialist in Hyderabad?+
Dr. Avani Reddy provides endometriosis evaluation and treatment at Jade Clinics, Kokapet and Ankura Hospital, Gachibowli. She performs laparoscopic diagnosis and excision of endometriosis for both pain management and fertility optimisation. Book on 83095 78197.
Can endometriosis come back after surgery?+
Yes. Endometriosis can recur after surgery, particularly if post-surgical hormonal suppression is not used. Recurrence rates are approximately 20–30% within 5 years of surgery. Women who become pregnant after endometriosis surgery may have lower recurrence rates due to the hormonal changes of pregnancy and the post-partum period.
Is pain during periods normal?+
Mild cramping during periods is common and normal. Period pain that is severe enough to prevent normal activities, requires strong painkillers, is getting progressively worse over time, or is accompanied by pain during intercourse or chronic pelvic pain is not normal and warrants gynaecological evaluation. These symptoms can indicate endometriosis or other conditions that are treatable.
Should I have surgery for endometriosis before starting IVF?+
This depends on the type and severity of the endometriosis. Endometriomas that are large (over 4 cm) or growing are generally recommended for surgical removal before IVF. Mild-to-moderate pelvic endometriosis without endometriomas may not require surgery before IVF. The decision is made individually based on ovarian reserve, endometriosis stage, and the patient's symptoms and preferences.
Where can I get endometriosis treatment in Hyderabad?+
Dr. Avani Reddy is an obstetrician, gynecologist, and fertility doctor with 10+ years of experience (MBBS · MS OBG · Fellowship Reproductive Medicine · Diploma in ART), practising at Jade Clinics, Kokapet and Ankura Hospital, Gachibowli. Book at 83095 78197 or online via TDAppointments.
Is endometriosis treatment available near Kokapet and Gachibowli?+
Yes. Consultations are available at Jade Clinics, Kokapet and Ankura Hospital, Gachibowli, with patients travelling from Financial District, Kondapur, Hitech City, Narsingi, Manikonda, and across Hyderabad.
Who is a good obstetrician gynecologist for endometriosis treatment in Hyderabad?+
Dr. Avani Reddy is an obstetrician, gynecologist, and fertility doctor with 10+ years of experience (MBBS · MS OBG · Fellowship Reproductive Medicine · Diploma in ART), practising at Jade Clinics, Kokapet and Ankura Hospital, Gachibowli. She focuses on endometriosis treatment with personalised plans and transparent next steps.
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Serving all of Hyderabad
Dr. Avani Reddy provides endometriosis treatment in hyderabad for patients across Hyderabad - including Kokapet, Gachibowli, Financial District, Narsingi, Manikonda, Gandipet, Nanakramguda, Puppalaguda, Khajaguda, HiTech City, Kondapur, Madhapur, Banjara Hills, Jubilee Hills, Miyapur, Hitech City. Locations at Jade Clinics, Kokapet and Ankura Hospital, Gachibowli.
Last updated: July 2025. Written by Dr. Avani Reddy, MBBS, MS OBG - obstetrician, gynecologist and fertility doctor with 10+ years experience.